Melbourne

Trains, trams and buses share one fare system: tap a contactless Visa or Mastercard and you ride; JCB, Amex and UnionPay are excluded, so with those you buy a myki card — none is sold on board, so get it first. Transfers across the three are never charged twice, and a daily cap stops the total. In the central Free Tram Zone the rule is not to tap at all — and it covers trams only; the same trip by bus costs money. Ferries sit outside myki entirely; with no airport train, it is SkyBus on its own ticket or public buses on ordinary myki fares.